Visigothic kings were considered the first among equals (the nobility), and they could easily be overthrown if they did not keep the different factions happy. Under Visigothic rule Spain was filled with extreme instability due to lack of communication between the native Spaniards and the new rulers, who followed the Germanic notion of kingship. After the fall of the Empire, the Visigoths continued the tradition by becoming what was probably the most Romanized Teutonic tribe. It is frequently stated in historical sources that Spain was one of the former Roman provinces where the Latin language and culture grew deep roots. Hispania was the Latin name which was given to the whole Iberian Peninsula, and after the fall of the Western Roman Empire (476) the Teutonic tribe of Visigoths, who adopted Christianity, ended up ruling the whole peninsula until the Islamic conquest (during that time they pushed another Teutonic tribe out-the Vandals – and conquered another one-the Suevi). Main article: Umayyad conquest of Hispania According to an unofficial estimation by the Union of Islamic Communities of Spain (UCIDE) the Muslim population in Spain represents the 4.45% of the total Spanish population as of 2019, of whom 42% were Spanish citizens (most of them with foreign family origins) 38% Moroccans, and 20% of other nationalities. In the 2000s, migrants started arriving in some numbers from other Muslim-majority countries (and from Latin America and Eastern Europe). Immigration to Spain exploded in the 1990s, with Moroccans of both sexes arriving in large numbers and becoming Spain's first important economic immigrant community. This however changed with Spain's growing economic development and its entry into the European Union, after which stricter immigration controls were imposed. Moroccans were not required to have a visa to enter Spain until 1985. Moroccan Muslims played a significant role during Spain's Civil War (1936–1939), fighting on the Nationalist side, including a Lieutenant General named Mohamed Meziane, a close friend of General Francisco Franco, who later became Captain General of Ceuta, Galicia and governor of the Canary Islands during his post-war career. Spain's proximity to North Africa and its small land border with the Kingdom of Morocco (and Spanish colonial rule in North Africa, which lasted from 1912 to 1975) made the Muslim presence in Spain possible. Although a significant proportion of Moriscos returned to Spain or avoided expulsion through forced conversion to Christianity, the practice of Islam had faded into obscurity by the 19th century.
Islam was a major religion on the Iberian Peninsula, beginning with the Umayyad conquest of Hispania and ending (at least overtly) with its prohibition by the modern Spanish state in the mid-16th century and the expulsion of the Moriscos in the early 17th century, an ethnic and religious minority of around 500,000 people.
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